Espagne: Bari mu myigaragambyo yo kwamagana abimukira baturuka muri Afurika

Abanya-Espagne babarirwa mu bihumbi bo mu Birwa bya Canaries, bakoze imyigaragambyo bamagana abimukira baturuka muri Afurika, binjira mu gihugu mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko bakoresheje amato.

Nyamara ku rundi ruhande abo bimukira, bavugwaho ko bagira uruhare rukomeye mu iterambere rya Espagne ndetse bagafatwa nka moteri y’ubukungu bw’icyo gihugu.

Ikinyamakuru L’Essentiel cyatangaje ko abigaragambya bigabije imihanda ku Cyumweru tariki 27 Ukwakira 2024, mu Mijyi ya Las Palmas de Gran Canaria na Santa Cruz de Tenerife, bagaragaza ko hari ikibazo cy’umubare w’abimukira ukomeza kwiyongera kuri ibyo birwa bya Canaries biherereye mu nyanja ya Atlantique, abenshi baturuka mu Burengerazuba bw’Amajyaruguru y’Afurika.

Zulema Ruiz, w’imyaka 37 y’amavuko, umwe mu bari mu myigaragambyo, aganira n’itangazamakuru yagize ati, ”Turamagana ubwimukira burengeje urugero kandi bunyuranyije n’amatageko, kuko bubangamira ubuzima bwacu n’uburezi bwacu. Ntabwo tuvangura abantu tugendeye ku ruhu, dufatanya n’abandi cyane, twakira bose binjira mu gihugu, bakabona uburenganzira batekereza ko babuze, ariko ntekereza ko buri kintu kigira aho kigarukira. Ntabwo ibirwa bya Canaries ari byo byakomeza kwirengera ibibazo byose”.

Imibare y’abimukira binjira muri Espagne mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko nk’uko yatangajwe na Minisiteri y’umutekano imbere muri icyo gihugu, igaragaza ko guhera muri Mutarama 2024 kugeza ku itariki 15 Ukwakira 2024, abinjiye muri icyo gihugu bagera ku 32,878 mu gihe abinjiye mu mwaka ushize wa 2023, bari 23,537. Bivuze ko abimukira binjira muri icyo gihugu biyongera aho kugabanuka.

Muri iyo myigaragambyo, abaturage bari banitwaje ibyapa biriho amagambo yo kunenga Minisitiri w’Intebe wa Espagne, Pedro Sánchez ukomeza kugaragaza ko hari ibyiza bizanwa n’abo bimukira mu Burayi ndetse no mu gihugu cye muri rusange.

Yagize ati, “Bafashe runini ku bukungu, iterambere n’uburumbuke bw’igihugu cya Espagne. Uruhare rw’abakozi b’abimukira ku bukungu bwacu ni ingenzi cyane”.

Avuga ko ibihugu byinshi by’u Burayi bifite umubare munini w’abaturage bashaje, batakiri mu gihe cyo gukora. Muri Nyakanga 2024, abanyamategeko bari basabye Minisiteri y’ubutegetsi bw’igihugu muri Espagne, kubuza iyo myigaragambyo yamagana abimukira mu birwa bya Canaries, kuko abayikora bakwisanga bakoze icyaha cy’urwango (crime de haine), gusa ibyo ntibyubahirijwe, kuko imyigaragambyo yarenze iraba.

Espagne ifatwa nka kimwe mu bihugu bitatu byinjiriramo abo bimukira bajya mu Burayi mu buryo bunyuranyije n’amategeko kimwe n’u Butaliyani ndetse n’u Bugiriki. Nubwo abinjira muri ibyo bihugu banyuze mu mazi bakunze guhura n’ingorane zo kurohama bamwe bakahasiga ubuzima, ariko ngo ntibibuza ko iyo nzira ikunda gukoreshwa cyane n’abo bimukira kuko bivugwa ko ari yo ikorwamo ubugenzuzi bukeya ugereranyije n’inzira inyura mu Nyanja ya Méditerrane.

Dolores Queiro, washinze umuryango utari uwa Leta witwa ‘Fondation San Juan de Dios’, ufasha mu kwita bimukira ndetse ukaba ari wo ucunga ikigo cyo muri Espagne cyakirirwamo abimukira kitwa Villaquilambre, yasobanuye ko iyo abimukira bakigera muri icyo gihugu badahita bakora ahubwo bamara amezi atandatu (6) bibanda ku kwiga ururimi rw’icyo gihugu (Spanish), bahabwa n’andi mahugurwa, ibyo byarangira icyo kigo kikabahuza na sosiyete zitandukanye ziba zikeneye abakozi.

Yagize ati, “Iyo itariki yo kuba bakwemererwa gutangira gukora yegereje, tuvugana na sosiyete zitandukanye, kandi nazo ziraduhamagara, ubwo tugatangira kubashakira akazi. Sosiyete zitandukanye ziraduhamagara kuko ziba zizi ko hano dufite abantu bakeneye akazi”.

Ramiro Rodríguez Alaez, umwe mu bikorera ufite sosiyete itunganya ibintu bitandukanye bikorwa mu mbaho, avuga ko bagira ibibazo byo kubura abakozi mu rubyiruko rw’Abanya-Espagne, kuko akazi kabo gasaba guterura ibintu biremereye cyane cyane mu bihe by’ubukonje. Ariko abimukira baturuka muri Afurika ngo bakora iyo mirimo.

Yagize ati, “Dukenera abakozi benshi muri uyu mwuga, ariko ni umwuga ugoye, ugasanga harakonje, hakenewe guterurwa ibintu biremereye, ni umwuga udakundwa n’urubyiruko rwa hano. Nta sosiyete nyinshi zihari zibikora, ariko izihari zose usanga zifite ikibazo cy’abakozi. Dushaka abakozi mu gace dukoreramo ntitubabone, abimukira nibo dukuramo abakozi, kuri twe abimukira ni isoko ikomeye y’ingufu dukenera”.

Gushaka akazi mu Burayi cyangwa se muri Espagne by’umwihariko, ni kimwe mu bituma Abanyafurika benshi bimukira muri icyo gihugu, kuko baba bizeye ko nibabona akazi bazaho neza, abandi bagenda bitewe no guhunga intambara cyangwa umutekano mukeya mu bihugu byabo, bakajya muri Espagne bashakisha Igihugu baturamo batekanye.

Ibyo guhunga umutekano mukeya n’ingaruka zawo ngo bikunze kuba ku baturage baturuka mu gace ka Sahel ni ukuvuga muri Burkina Faso, Cameroun, Gambie, Guinée, Mali, Mauritanie, Niger, Nigéria, Sénégal na Tchad.

Muri raporo ya Banki nkuru y’Igihugu ya Espagne yasohotse muri Mata 2024, yagaragaje ko kubera ikibazo cy’ibura ry’abakozi bakiri mu gihe cyo gukora kigenda kiyongera ndetse kikaba giteganyijwe kizakomeza kuzamuka kurushaho bitewe n’uko umubare w’abaturage bakuze bagiye kujya mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru ari wo munini kurusha urubyiruko aho muri Espagne. Kubera iyo mpamvu ngo icyo gihugu kizakenera abimukira babarirwa muri miliyoni 25 mu myaka 30 iri imbere.

Abanya-Espagne bagera kuri 30% ngo batinya abimukira baza muri Espagne kuko babafata nk’abantu bakunze kugwa mu byaha cyane no guteza umutekano mukeya. Gusa ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’Ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi cya Cesar Alonso cy’aho muri Espagne, bwagaragaje ko by’umwiriko abimukira baturuka mu bihugu by’Afurika, bafatirwa mu byaha bifite aho bihuriye n’ibiyobyabwenge n’imitungo y’abandi, ariko bakaba batarangwa cyane mu bindi byaha by’ubugome.